高中英语教学中强调句的教学小议
2022-06-08
安徽宿州市第二中学 田学贞
“强调”作为写作的一种技巧，其作用主要在于突出表现某些东西，如提出观点看法，列举重要数据，陈述重要事实等，希望能引起读者的注意。
一、强调句在中学教材中的应用
强调句作为一种修辞手法，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式，主要有如下几种形式：
（一）用句型表示强调
1．用It is (was) … that (who)…句型强调主语、宾语、状语，如：
I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
2．用“what … be…”强调句型，把被强调的部分后移，如：
What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.
3. 用倒装句表示强调，如：
Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.
4. 用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感：
How interesting a story it is！
（二）用单词或词组表示强调
I do want to change this situation, but I don’t know how.
Music is more than just sound. It is a way of thinking.
He runs much faster than she.
What on earth is it？
He is well past fifty.
A good many animals sleep under the snow.
(三)否定意义句子的强调
1. 用not to mention，to say nothing of强调，如：
Some peasant families now have motorcycles, not to mention TV sets and washers.
2. 用否定的形式表示肯定的概念，进行强调，如：
You cannot be too careful when crossing the road.
There is no one of us but wishes to go.
3. 肯定意义表否定，进行强调，如：
He was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job.
I will do nothing but that one you told me.
二、使用It is (was) … that (who)…句型的几个注意事项
（一）被强调成分是主语，who／that之后的谓语动词应该在人称和数上与原句中的主语保持一致。如：It is I who am right．
（二）即使被强调成分是句子中的时间状语，地点状语，原因状语等，也不能用when，where, because，要用 that。如：It was because of the heavy rain that he came late．
（三）使用这一强调句型时，要注意否定转移，如：I didn’t realize it until I got off the bus.→It wasn’t until I got off the bus that I realized it.
三、定语从句和强调句型的区分
某些定语从句和强调句型形式差不多，容易混淆。如果去掉it is／ was ...that句子仍然通顺成立，则为强调句型，不成立不通顺，则为定语从句。
如 It was three years ago that he went to American for a further study·去掉It was… that句子为Three years ago he went to America for a further study．句子通顺，意思完整，那么，这就是一个强调句型。
It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.
这句中如去掉It was… that句子不完整，那么，这不是强调句型，而是主语从句。
参考文献：
[1]戴红霞.英文写作中几种常用的强调手法[J].英语天地，1998.6.
[2]英语实用语法大全[M].山东大学出版社.
[3]普通高中课程标准实验教科书英语
[4]吴元培.强调句考点解读[J].试题研究，2010，30.